Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Prof. Chenna Rao Borra

Assistant Professor Grade-I

chenna.borra@metal.iitkgp.ac.in

+91-3222-283240

Research Area

Extractive Metallurgy & Materials Recycling

Research

Metal recovery from metallurgical wastes, tailings, and residues
Metal recycling
New sustainable and environment-friendly metal extraction processes
Application of process intensification technologies (microwave, ultrasound, mechanical activation, etc.) in metal extraction

Publication

Year	Category	Title
2020	Journal	Gollapalli, Veerababu; Tadivaka, Srinivasa Rao; Borra, Chenna Rao; Varanasi, Suguna Soumya; Karamched, Phani S; Rao, MB Venkata; \| Investigation on Stabilization of Ladle Furnace Slag with Different Additives \| Journal of Sustainable MetallurgyPages 11-Jan \| Springer International Publishing
2020	Online	Gollapalli V., Srinivasa Rao T., Borra C.R., Karamched P. S., Rao M. B. V., “Investigation on Stabilization of Ladle Furnace Slag with Different Additives” Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy,
2019	Journal	Borra, C.R., Vlught, T. J. H., Spooren, J., Nielsen, P., Yang, Y., Offerman, S.E., “Characterization and Feasibility Studies on Complete Recovery of Rare Earths from Glass Polishing Waste” – Metals, 2019, 9 (3) – DOI: 10.3390/met9030278
2019	Journal	Gollapalli, Veerababu; Rao, MB Venkata; Karamched, Phani S; Borra, Chenna Rao; Roy, Gour G; Srirangam, Prakash; \| Modification of oxide inclusions in calcium-treated Al-killed high sulphur steels \| Ironmaking & SteelmakingVol. 46No. 7Pages 663-670 \| Taylor & Francis
2019	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Vlugt, Thijs JH; Spooren, Jeroen; Nielsen, Peter; Yang, Yongxiang; Offerman, S Erik; \| Characterization and feasibility studies on complete recovery of rare earths from glass Polishing waste \| MetalsVol. 9No. 3Pages 278 \| Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2018	Journal	Borra C.R., Vlugh, T. J. H., Yang Y., Offerma, S.E., “Recovery of Cerium from Glass Polishing Waste: A Critical Review” – Metals, 2018, 8 (10) – DOI: 10.3390/met8100801
2018	Journal	Gollapalli V., Rao M. B. V., Karamched P. S., Borra C.R., Roy G. G., Srirangam P. “Modification of oxide inclusions in calcium treated Al-Killed high sulphur steels” – Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 2018 – DOI:10.1080/03019233.2018.1443382.
2018	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Vlugt, Thijs JH; Yang, Yongxiang; Offerman, S Erik; \| Recovery of cerium from glass polishing waste: A critical review \| MetalsVol. 8No. 10Pages 801 \| Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2018	Book Chapter	Borra C. R., Blanpain B, Pontikes Y., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Recovery of rare earths from bauxite residue (red mud)”, Chapter in “Critical Materials: Science and Technology”, ed. Offerman S.E. and Reller A., World scientific, 2018
2017	Journal	Rivera R. M., Ounoughen G., Borra C. R., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Neutralisation of bauxite residue by carbon dioxide prior to acidic leaching for metal recovery” – Minerals Engineering, 2017, 112, P 92 – DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2017.07.011
2017	Journal	Borra C. R., Blanpain B, Pontikes Y., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Recovery of rare earths and major metals from bauxite residue (red mud) by alkali roasting, smelting and leaching” – Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy, 2017, 3, P393 – DOI: 10.1007/s40831
2017	Journal	Bieke O., Borra C. R., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Recovery of scandium from sulfation-roasted leachates of bauxite residue by solvent extraction with the ionic liquid betainium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide” – Journal of Separation and Purification
2017	Journal	Onal M.A.R., Borra C. R., Guo M., Blanpain, B., Van Gerven T., “Hydrometallurgical Recycling of NdFeB Magnets: Complete Leaching, Iron Removal and Electrolysis” – Journal of Rare Earths – 2017, 35, P574 – DOI: 10.1016/S1002-0721(17)60950-5
2017	Journal	Onal M.A.R., Emir A., Borra C. R., Blanpain, B., Van Gerven T., Guo M., “Recycling of NdFeB Magnets using Nitration, Calcination and Water Leaching” – Hydrometallurgy, 2017, 167, P 115 – DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.11.006
2017	Journal	Önal, Mehmet Ali Recai; Aktan, Emir; Borra, Chenna Rao; Blanpain, Bart; Van Gerven, Tom; Guo, Muxing; \| Recycling of NdFeB magnets using nitration, calcination and water leaching for REE recovery \| HydrometallurgyVol. 167Pages 115-123 \| Elsevier

Year	Category	Title
2020	Journal	Gollapalli, Veerababu; Tadivaka, Srinivasa Rao; Borra, Chenna Rao; Varanasi, Suguna Soumya; Karamched, Phani S; Rao, MB Venkata; \| Investigation on Stabilization of Ladle Furnace Slag with Different Additives \| Journal of Sustainable MetallurgyPages 11-Jan \| Springer International Publishing
2020	Online	Gollapalli V., Srinivasa Rao T., Borra C.R., Karamched P. S., Rao M. B. V., “Investigation on Stabilization of Ladle Furnace Slag with Different Additives” Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy,
2019	Journal	Borra, C.R., Vlught, T. J. H., Spooren, J., Nielsen, P., Yang, Y., Offerman, S.E., “Characterization and Feasibility Studies on Complete Recovery of Rare Earths from Glass Polishing Waste” – Metals, 2019, 9 (3) – DOI: 10.3390/met9030278
2019	Journal	Gollapalli, Veerababu; Rao, MB Venkata; Karamched, Phani S; Borra, Chenna Rao; Roy, Gour G; Srirangam, Prakash; \| Modification of oxide inclusions in calcium-treated Al-killed high sulphur steels \| Ironmaking & SteelmakingVol. 46No. 7Pages 663-670 \| Taylor & Francis
2019	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Vlugt, Thijs JH; Spooren, Jeroen; Nielsen, Peter; Yang, Yongxiang; Offerman, S Erik; \| Characterization and feasibility studies on complete recovery of rare earths from glass Polishing waste \| MetalsVol. 9No. 3Pages 278 \| Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2018	Journal	Borra C.R., Vlugh, T. J. H., Yang Y., Offerma, S.E., “Recovery of Cerium from Glass Polishing Waste: A Critical Review” – Metals, 2018, 8 (10) – DOI: 10.3390/met8100801
2018	Journal	Gollapalli V., Rao M. B. V., Karamched P. S., Borra C.R., Roy G. G., Srirangam P. “Modification of oxide inclusions in calcium treated Al-Killed high sulphur steels” – Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 2018 – DOI:10.1080/03019233.2018.1443382.
2018	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Vlugt, Thijs JH; Yang, Yongxiang; Offerman, S Erik; \| Recovery of cerium from glass polishing waste: A critical review \| MetalsVol. 8No. 10Pages 801 \| Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2018	Book Chapter	Borra C. R., Blanpain B, Pontikes Y., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Recovery of rare earths from bauxite residue (red mud)”, Chapter in “Critical Materials: Science and Technology”, ed. Offerman S.E. and Reller A., World scientific, 2018
2017	Journal	Rivera R. M., Ounoughen G., Borra C. R., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Neutralisation of bauxite residue by carbon dioxide prior to acidic leaching for metal recovery” – Minerals Engineering, 2017, 112, P 92 – DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2017.07.011
2017	Journal	Borra C. R., Blanpain B, Pontikes Y., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Recovery of rare earths and major metals from bauxite residue (red mud) by alkali roasting, smelting and leaching” – Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy, 2017, 3, P393 – DOI: 10.1007/s40831
2017	Journal	Bieke O., Borra C. R., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Recovery of scandium from sulfation-roasted leachates of bauxite residue by solvent extraction with the ionic liquid betainium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide” – Journal of Separation and Purification
2017	Journal	Onal M.A.R., Borra C. R., Guo M., Blanpain, B., Van Gerven T., “Hydrometallurgical Recycling of NdFeB Magnets: Complete Leaching, Iron Removal and Electrolysis” – Journal of Rare Earths – 2017, 35, P574 – DOI: 10.1016/S1002-0721(17)60950-5
2017	Journal	Onal M.A.R., Emir A., Borra C. R., Blanpain, B., Van Gerven T., Guo M., “Recycling of NdFeB Magnets using Nitration, Calcination and Water Leaching” – Hydrometallurgy, 2017, 167, P 115 – DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.11.006
2017	Journal	Önal, Mehmet Ali Recai; Aktan, Emir; Borra, Chenna Rao; Blanpain, Bart; Van Gerven, Tom; Guo, Muxing; \| Recycling of NdFeB magnets using nitration, calcination and water leaching for REE recovery \| HydrometallurgyVol. 167Pages 115-123 \| Elsevier
2017	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Blanpain, Bart; Pontikes, Yiannis; Binnemans, Koen; Van Gerven, Tom; \| Recovery of rare earths and major metals from bauxite residue (red mud) by alkali roasting, smelting, and leaching \| Journal of sustainable metallurgyVol. 3No. 2Pages 393-404 \| Springer International Publishing
2017	Journal	Onghena, Bieke; Borra, Chenna Rao; Van Gerven, Tom; Binnemans, Koen; \| Recovery of scandium from sulfation-roasted leachates of bauxite residue by solvent extraction with the ionic liquid betainium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide \| Separation and Purification TechnologyVol. 176Pages 208-219 \| Elsevier
2017	Journal	Önal, Mehmet Ali Recai; Borra, Chenna Rao; Guo, Muxing; Blanpain, Bart; Van Gerven, Tom; \| Hydrometallurgical recycling of NdFeB magnets: Complete leaching, iron removal and electrolysis \| Journal of Rare EarthsVol. 35No. 6Pages 574-584 \| Elsevier
2017	Journal	Rivera, Rodolfo Marin; Ounoughene, Ghania; Borra, Chenna Rao; Binnemans, Koen; Van Gerven, Tom; \| Neutralisation of bauxite residue by carbon dioxide prior to acidic leaching for metal recovery \| Minerals EngineeringVol. 112Pages 92-102 \| Pergamon
2017	Conference	Borra, Chenna Rao; Vlugt, Thijs JH; Yang, Yongxiang; Offerman, S Erik; \| A brief review on recovery of cerium from glass polishing waste \| Proceedings of the 5th International Slag Valorisation Symposium, LeuvenPages 495-98
2017	Conference	Borra, CR; Vlugt, TJ; Yang, Y; Offerman, SE; \| Characterisation of glass polishing waste samples \| Proceedings of the ERES
2016	Journal	Borra C. R., Blanpain B, Pontikes Y., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Comparative analysis of processes for recovery of rare earths from bauxite residue” – JOM, 2016, 68, P 2958 – DOI: 10.1007/s11837-016-2111-y
2016	Journal	Borra C. R., Blanpain B, Pontikes Y., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Recovery of rare earths and other valuable metals from bauxite residue (red mud): A review” – Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy, 2016, 2, P365 – DOI: 10.1007/s40831-016-0068-2
2016	Journal	Yanamandra R.M., Borra C.R., Tripathy S.K., Ghosh T.K., Kapure G., “Alternative utilisation prospects for Indian lateritic overburden” – Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels, 2016, 64, P86
2016	Journal	Borra C. R., Mermans J., Blanpain B, Pontikes Y., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Selective recovery of rare earths from bauxite residue by sulfation-roasting-leaching” – Minerals Engineering, 2016, 92, P 151 – DOI:10.1016/j.mineng.2016.03.002
2016	Journal	Roosen J., Roosendael S.V., Borra C.R., Van Gerven T., Mullens S., Binnemans K., “Recovery of scandium from leachates of Greek bauxite residue by adsorption on functionalized chitosan-silica hybrid materials” – Green Chemistry,2016, 18, P 2005 – DOI: 10.1
2016	Journal	Borra C. R., Blanpain B, Pontikes Y., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Smelting of bauxite residue (red mud) in view of selective rare earths leaching” – Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy –2016, 2 (1) P 28 – DOI: 10.1007/s40831-015-0026-4
2016	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Blanpain, Bart; Pontikes, Yiannis; Binnemans, Koen; Van Gerven, Tom; \| Smelting of bauxite residue (red mud) in view of iron and selective rare earths recovery \| Journal of sustainable metallurgyVol. 2No. 1Pages 28-37 \| Springer International Publishing
2016	Journal	Roosen, Joris; Van Roosendael, Stijn; Borra, Chenna Rao; Van Gerven, Tom; Mullens, Steven; Binnemans, Koen; \| Recovery of scandium from leachates of Greek bauxite residue by adsorption on functionalized chitosan–silica hybrid materials \| Green ChemistryVol. 18No. 7Pages 2005-2013 \| Royal Society of Chemistry
2016	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Mermans, Jasper; Blanpain, Bart; Pontikes, Yiannis; Binnemans, Koen; Van Gerven, Tom; \| Selective recovery of rare earths from bauxite residue by combination of sulfation, roasting and leaching \| Minerals EngineeringVol. 92Pages 151-159 \| Pergamon
2016	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Blanpain, Bart; Pontikes, Yiannis; Binnemans, Koen; Van Gerven, Tom; \| Comparative analysis of processes for recovery of rare earths from bauxite residue \| JOMVol. 68No. 11Pages 2958-2962 \| Springer US
2016	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Blanpain, Bart; Pontikes, Yiannis; Binnemans, Koen; Van Gerven, Tom; \| Recovery of rare earths and other valuable metals from bauxite residue (red mud): a review \| Journal of Sustainable MetallurgyVol. 2No. 4Pages 365-386 \| Springer International Publishing
2016	Journal	Roosen, J; Van Roosendael, S; Borra, CR; Van Gerven, T; Mullens, S; Binnemans, K; \| Green Chemistry RSC Publishing \| Green ChemistryVol. 16Pages 2005-2013
2016	Conference	Hertel, Tobias; Borra, Chenna Rao; Blanpain, Bart; Pontikes, Yiannis; \| Inorganic polymer mortars from bauxite residue and possibility to additionally recover aluminium and sodium \| Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Industrial and Hazardous Waste ManagementPages 187-188
2015	Journal	Onal M.A.R., Borra C. R., Guo M., Blanpain, B., Van Gerven T., “Recycling of NdFeB magnets using sulfation, selective roasting and water leaching” – Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy, 2015, 1, P 199 – DOI: 10.1007/s40831-015-0021-9
2015	Journal	Borra C. R., Pontikes Y., Binnemans K., Van Gerven T., “Leaching of rare earths from bauxite residue (red mud)”- Minerals Engineering, 2015, 76, P 20 – DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2015.01.005
2015	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Pontikes, Yiannis; Binnemans, Koen; Van Gerven, Tom; \| Leaching of rare earths from bauxite residue (red mud) \| Minerals EngineeringVol. 76Pages 20-27 \| Elsevier
2015	Journal	Önal, Mehmet Ali Recai; Borra, Chenna Rao; Guo, Muxing; Blanpain, Bart; Van Gerven, Tom; \| Recycling of NdFeB magnets using sulfation, selective roasting, and water leaching \| Journal of Sustainable MetallurgyVol. 1No. 3Pages 199-215 \| Springer
2015	Conference	Borra, Chenna Rao; Mermans, Jasper; Blanpain, Bart; Pontikes, Yiannis; Binnemans, Koen; Van Gerven, Tom; \| Selective leaching of rare earths from bauxite residue after sulphation roasting \| Proceedings of the Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference 2015Pages 301-307
2015	Conference	Roosen, Joris; Van Roosendael, Stijn; Borra, Chenna Rao; Mullens, Steven; Van Gerven, Tom; Binnemans, Koen; \| Separation of scandium from leachates of Greek bauxite residue by adsorption with functionalised chitosan-silica hybrid materials \| Proceedings of the Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference 2015Pages 377-383
2015	Conference	Borra, Chenna Rao; Blanpain, Bart; Pontikes, Yiannis; Binnemans, Koen; Van Gerven, Tom; \| Smelting reduction of iron oxides from bauxite residue in view of improved rare earths leaching \| Proceedings of the Fourth International Slag Valorisation SymposiumPages 149-153
2015	Conference	Onghena, Bieke; Borra, Chenna Rao; Van Gerven, Tom; Binnemans, Koen; \| Selective recovery of scandium (III) from bauxite residue leachates by solvent extraction with a carboxyl-functionalised ionic liquid \| Proceedings of the Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference 2015Pages 331-337
2013	Journal	Borra C. R., Dwarapudi S., Kapure G., Tathavadkar V., Denys M. B., “Effect of alumina on the slag-metal separation during iron nugget formation from high alumina Indian iron ore fines”- Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 2013, 40 (6), P 443 – DOI: 10.1179/174328
2013	Journal	Srinivas D., Vilas T., Borra, C. R., Kamesh, S., Tamal, G., Debashish B., "Development of Cold Bonded Chromite Pellets for Ferrochrome Production in Submerged Arc Furnace", ISIJ International,2013, 53 (1), P 9 – DOI: 10.2355/isijinternational.53.9
2013	Journal	Dwarapudi, Srinivas; Tathavadkar, Vilas; Rao, B Chenna; Ghosh, Tamal K; Denys, Mark; \| Development of cold bonded chromite pellets for ferrochrome production in submerged arc furnace \| ISIJ internationalVol. 53No. 1Pages 17-Sep \| The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
2013	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Dwarapudi, S; Kapure, G; Tathavadkar, V; Denys, MB; \| Effect of alumina on slag–metal separation during iron nugget formation from high alumina Indian iron ore fines \| Ironmaking & SteelmakingVol. 40No. 6Pages 443-451 \| Taylor & Francis
2011	Journal	Kapure, G., Borra C.R., Tathavadkar, V., Sen, R., "Direct reduction of low grade chromite overburden for recovery of metal values", Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 2011, 38 (8), P 590 – DOI: 10.1179/1743281211Y.0000000028
2011	Journal	Kapure, G., Tathavadkar, V., Borra C.R., Raju, K. S., Denys, M., ”Effect of Preoxidation of Chromite Ore on the Ore Structure and Direct Reduction” Steel Tech , Vol 5, No 3, 2011, P 19
2011	Journal	Kapure, G., Borra C.R., Tathavadkar, V., K. S and Denys, M., ” Direct Reduction Studies on Nickeliferrous Chromite Overburden of Sukinda” Steel Tech, Vol 5, No 3, 2011, P 51
2011	Journal	Kapure, GU; Rao, CB; Tathavadkar, VD; Sen, R; \| Direct reduction of low grade chromite overburden for recovery of metals \| Ironmaking & SteelmakingVol. 38No. 8Pages 590-596 \| Taylor & Francis
2010	Journal	Borra C.R., Kapure, G., Tathavadkar, V., “Investigation of preoxidation of Sukinda chromite ore”, Tatasearch, vol 1, 2010, P 145
2010	Journal	Borra, Chenna Rao; Kapure, Gajanan; Tathavadkar, VD; \| Investigation of pre-oxidation of Sukinda Chromite Ore \| Tata SearchVol. 1Pages 145-148
2010	Conference	Kapure, Gajanan; Tathavadkar, Vilas; Rao, CB; Rao, SM; Raju, KS; \| Coal based direct reduction of preoxidized chromite ore at high temperature \| Proceedings of the 12th International Ferro-Alloys Congress (INFACON XII)Pages 293-301
2010	Conference	Kapure, Gajanan; Rao, CB; Tathavadkar, Vilas; Raju, KS; \| Process for effective utilization of low grade chromite overburden \| Proceedings of the Twelfth International Ferroalloys Congress—Sustainable future, Helsinki, FinlandPages 377-382
2010	Conference	Borra, Chenna Rao; Kapure, Gajanan; Tathavadkar, Vilas; \| New prospective for the utilisation of indian lateritic chromite overburden \| Proceedings of the XI International Seminar onMineral Processing TechnologyPages 158-161

Projects

Ongoing Projects

A lab-scale process development for Lithium-ion battery recycling DVIJ Solutions

Process Development for Metal Recovery from Indian Bauxite Residues (Red Mud) ISIRD, SRIC

Lab scale synthesis of high-purity Alumina from aluminum dross Runaya Refining LLP

Lab Scale Process Development for Removal of Iron from Bauxite Ore Vedanta Limited - Aluminium and Power

Synthesis of Alf3 from Aluminium Dross VEDANTA LIMITED

Lab Scale Production of EMD and EMM from Ferro Manganese Furnace Dust Hira Power and Steels Limited

Recovery of Rare Earths and other Major Elements from NdFeB Magnets Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB)

Completed projects

Characterization of Dross Briquettes to Control the Emissions Runaya Refining LLP

Lithium Ion Battery Recycling: Assessment of Current Status and Future Opportunities TATA STEEL LIMITED

Awards

Best presentation award at IBAAS-2018 conference

Cohesie fellowship, TU Delft (Netherlands)

DBOF (Special research fund) scholarship, KU Leuven (Belgium)

Best project award on global R&D day of Tata Steel Ltd

Course

Extractive Metallurgy of Non-ferrous Metals

Sustainable Extractive Metallurgy

Metallurgical Kinetics

Patents

Granted Patents:

1. 3085523: A method of manufacturing a cold formed, diffusion bonded bimetallic tube

2. 355683: An improved method for production of ferrochrome containing carbon in the range of 0.01 to 10% by weight by smelt reduction of a charge mixture.

3. 392699: A process for reduction of composite agglomerates of high alumina iron ore mineral processing rejects and natural coal in a moving hearth furnace to produce reduced metallic iron production and or iron metal agglomerates and slag.

Filed Patents:

1. 239/KOL/2013: Process for smelt reduction of high grade refractory chromite ores in submerged arc furnace. Dt. 28.02.13

2. 287/KOL/2012: An improved method for production of ferrochrome containing carbon in the range of 0.01 to 10% by weight by smelt reduction of a charge mixture. Dt. 14/03/2012

3. 11/KOL/2012: A hydrometallurgical process for leaching manganese from furnace dust containing manganese oxides. Dt. 08.01.11

4. 762/KOL/2011: A process for reduction of composite agglomerates of high alumina iron ore mineral processing rejects and natural coal in a moving hearth furnace to produce reduced metallic iron production and or iron metal agglomerates and slag. Dt.06/06.2011

5. 361/KOL/2011: A method for direct reduction of oxidized chromite ore fines composite agglomerates in a tunnel kiln using carbonaceous reductant for production of reduced chromite product/agglomerates applicable in ferrochrome or charge chrome production. Dt. 18.03.11

6. 360/KOL/2011: a method for oxidation of non-agglomerated chromite ore fines in one of a tunnel kiln and a rotary kiln to obtain oxidized chromite ore fines for production of ferrochrome or charge chrome. Dt. 18.03.11

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Faculty Details